Minecraft

friendly mobs:
Axolotl
Battleship
Camel
Cadaver Camel
Tadpole
Villager
Cow
Cat
Rabbit
Chicken
Bat
Salmon
Horse
Skeleton Horse
Zombie Horse
Frog
MulMuushroom
Sniffer
Sheep
Donkey
Ocelot
Parrot
Glowing Octopus
Pig
Snow Golem
Octopus
Strider
Traveling merchant
Quiet
Cod
Tropical fish
Turtle.
neutral mobs:
Polar bear
Wolf
Dolphin
Iron Golem
Zombified piglin
Pufferfish
Goat
Lama
Merchant's Lama
Fox
Panda
Spider
Cave spider
Piglin
Bee
Enderman
Nautilus
Zombie NautilusIfrit
Magma Cube
Silverfish
Bee
Strider
Axolotl
Ellay
Evil mobs: Swamp dwarf
Brutal piglin
Witch
Weezer Skeleton
Vortex
Pest
Flash
Gast
Ancient Guardian
The Spellcaster
Zimogor
Zoglin
Zombie
Cadaver
Zombie PeasantMagma Cube
Champion
Robber
The Destroyer
Slug
Skeleton
Skripun
Guardian
Wanderer of the Edge
Drowned
Phantom
Hoglin
Guardian
Silverfish
Shulker
Endermite.
bosses:
Wither (Vizer)
Ender dragon.

All living creatures you encounter in the game: from harmless animals to dangerous monsters. I've compiled the basic information: how they are classified by behavior, what examples there are, and what characteristics they have. Passive. They never attack the player. You can interact with them: breed, tame, or simply observe. Examples: cow, pig, sheep, chicken, axolotl, panda, parrot. Neutral. They are not aggressive under normal conditions, but can attack if provoked. For example, by hitting a mob, looking it in the eyes, or approaching its cubs. Examples: wolf (will not attack unless offended), bee (peacefully collects pollen until you destroy the hive), enderman (behaves calmly until you look it straight in the eye), piglin (in the Nether, will trade if you have gold armor, otherwise, will attack). Hostile. They always attack the player upon encounter. This is the primary threat in the game. Examples include zombies, skeletons, creepers, spiders, witches, phantoms, ghasts, and magma cubes. There are also special categories, such as bosses (Ender Dragons, Withers)—they require special tactics. Or helpful mobs (iron golems, snow golems, and alleys) that can assist the player.

which allows you to level up your character. Experience points are needed to enchant items on the table, repair items on the anvil, and use the "Mending" enchantment.
When killing mobs, mining ore, using a furnace, breeding animals, trading, fishing, or completing achievements, the player receives experience orbs.
These spheres are attracted to the player (up to 7.25 blocks from the center of their feet) and gradually fill the experience bar at the bottom of the screen.
When the bar is completely filled, the player gains a new level.
Experience spheres are separate entities with their own physics. If an experience sphere isn't collected within 5 minutes, it disappears.
When a player dies, half of their accumulated experience (rounded up) is dropped as experience orbs, while the other half is lost. Experience bubbles are a visual representation of experience orbs. They can be obtained by throwing a Bottle of Experience (Bottle o' Enchanting). When hit, it breaks and releases between 3 and 11 experience orbs (average: 7).
Underwater, air bubbles aren't an experience system, but a breathing mechanism. If a player or mob is in a stream of rising bubbles (a bubble column), they replenish their air supply at the same rate they exit the water.
You also can't sleep when monsters are roaming around. You can get a cat or a wolf, and it will become a dog.
It is possible to turn a zombie villager back into a normal villager; just give him a weakness potion and a golden apple, and then just wait.
You can fight off a raid on a village, and then you'll get a discount. But if you attack and kill villagers, the price will go up.

Displayed next to the health bar, it consists of 10 icons resembling chicken legs or drumsticks. Each half of the icon represents one hunger point, meaning a full bar represents 20 points.
Consumption. Player actions—running, jumping, gathering resources, attacking—deplete the hunger bar.
Impact on abilities. When the hunger bar reaches 18 or higher, health begins to slowly regenerate. If the level drops to 6 or below, the player loses the ability to run. At zero hunger, health begins to deplete.
Saturation. This is a hidden stat that affects how quickly the main hunger bar depletes. Eating restores both hunger and satiety, but different foods provide different amounts of satiety.
Special effects. Certain types of food (raw chicken, pufferfish, rotten flesh) can inflict the "Hunger" effect, causing the bar to deplete faster and turn yellow-green.
Difficulty. On Peaceful difficulty, hunger is not consumed, and satiety is restored if the bar is not full. Health in Minecraft is represented by a 10-heart bar. It's important to remember: one heart represents two health points, not one. This means the player's total health is 20. Damage. Hearts are depleted by damage from mob attacks, falling from heights, contact with lava, drowning, and other sources.

Warning: When the meter reaches two or fewer hearts, it begins to shake, signaling impending death.

Death. If health reaches zero, the player dies and a death screen appears, giving the option to respawn or exit to the main menu. In Hardcore mode, the player has only one life.

Recovery. On Peaceful difficulty, health is constantly restored. On other difficulties, regeneration only works if your hunger level is high enough. Health can also be restored with healing potions, regeneration effects, and golden apples.

Minecraft mods are user-created additions that significantly change the game: adding new mechanics, mobs, dimensions, improving the interface, or optimizing performance. I've compiled a few interesting examples from various fields to help you navigate them. Examples of Mods
Ad Astra. Transforms the game into a space adventure: you can build rockets, fly to different planets (the Moon, Mars, Venus), create a space base, and mine unique resources on each celestial body. Sophisticated Backpacks. Adds backpacks with expanded slots and useful features: automatic item sorting, creating compact versions of items, and the ability to listen to music directly from your inventory.
The Twilight Forest. Access a magical dimension through a special portal. Inside are unique biomes, dungeons, bosses (Nagga, Lich, Hydra), rare artifacts, special armor, and Iron Chests. The selection of chests expands: iron, gold, diamond, obsidian, and others are now available. Each has its own capacity, and the obsidian one, for example, is resistant to creeper explosions.

Minecraft servers are multiplayer worlds created by players or groups. You can play together on them: survive, build, fight, complete quests, or participate in minigames. I've compiled some basic information to help you navigate and find something to suit your needs. Servers vary greatly in format. Here are the main types:

Survival. A classic party mode: gather resources, build, and defend territory. Often includes an economy, a private system (protecting areas), and anti-griefing measures. Examples: HermitMC, SimpleSurvival
Creative. Ideal for builders and engineers. Plugins like WorldEdit are usually available for quick world editing, allowing you to defend your plots and participate in competitions. Example: PlotSquared. PvP and Factions. The emphasis is on battles: for territory, resources, and survival. Suitable for those who enjoy strategy and dynamic combat. Examples: PvP Land, CosmicPvP. Minigames. Short and fun modes: Bed Wars, SkyWars, parkour, hide-and-seek, and others. A great option for quick sessions. One of the most famous is Hypixel. Roleplay. Deep immersion: you can choose a role, profession, complete quests, and develop the plot and lore. Examples: Wynncraft (closer to MMORPG), Roleplay Hub. Other niches. There are also more specific formats: skyblock (development on an isolated island), anarchy, political simulators, zombie apocalypse.

Physics in a game refers to the system that simulates the physical properties of objects. Minecraft uses:
Gravity pulls many objects to the ground: sand, gravel, anvils, activated TNT, and others.
Friction - Stops minecarts without boosters, causes them to slide on blocks, and stops objects dropped on them.
Fluid dynamics - water and lava behave in specific ways, influencing the movement of objects.
Momentum transfer during collisions—blocks and entities interact by bouncing off each other. Important: these rules are simplified and do not always correspond to the laws of real physics. For example, the game includes "non-physical objects"—blocks that hang in the air, supported only by adjacent blocks, even though they should logically fall. There are also situations where different objects slide across ice, traveling the same distance, even though their mass should affect friction. Players actively exploit these features to create mechanisms: cannons, airlocks (traps with falling blocks), or pressure plate systems.
The logic of the game is manifested in the rules that determine the interaction of objects and the behavior of systems.
Redstone mechanics are the foundation of game logic. Using redstone (an analog of electricity), you can create complex circuits: AND, OR, and NOT logic gates, counters, and even simple programs. For example, you can program a door that opens only when two levers are pressed simultaneously. Cause and effect are a fundamental principle. If the player steps on a pressure plate, it is triggered. If a block is broken, a new one may appear in its place.
Game goals and objectives—the logic of survival and progression requires planning: you need to gather resources, build a shelter, defend against monsters, and effectively manage your inventory. Often, the most interesting things emerge at the intersection of these two systems. For example:
Create traps where a falling block (physics) activates a redstone circuit.
Automated farms where redstone circuitry controls pistons.

The lack of a specific plot. The game offers freedom of action: the player determines the objectives and playstyle. Crafting. Collected resources can be combined into useful items—workbenches, furnaces, pickaxes, etc.
Mobs. The world contains passive (e.g., villagers), neutral (bees, polar bears), and hostile (zombies, skeletons, creepers) mobs. Redstone mechanics allow for the creation of complex logical circuits, making the game akin to a virtual construction set for programmers and engineers.
Some Minecraft modes:
Survival. You need to gather resources, craft items, fight monsters, monitor your health, hunger, and other stats. Creativity. Players have unlimited access to resources and items, are invulnerable, can fly, and instantly destroy blocks. Hardcore. Similar to Survival mode, but the character only has one life—losing it means the game is over. Adventure. A modified survival mode with restrictions set by the map creator. Spectator. Allows you to fly through blocks and see from the perspective of any entity except the Ender Dragon, but you cannot place or destroy blocks.