Chernobyl

What is this isotope and what did it FORGET IN THE REACTORS?
everything is so quiet, simple
Let's imagine an absorber rod. It absorbs neutrons, right? That's what xenon-135 does. It's a powerful absorber, absorbing neutrons, and the reaction dies out. This is also called poisoning or xenon pit or let's say even iodine pit In general, xenon 135 is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 9~ hours. and how it accumulates through the decay of fuel (uranium) and it can accumulate and later extinguish the reaction
Recommendations: turn off the reactor and wait until the next day or night so that the xenon decays and the operators can run the reactor stably

In simple terms, xenon-135 = absorber rod
BUT they are different, but the principle is similar: they absorb neutrons. if the absorber rod mechanism ≠ radioactive isotope

Here
absorption: xenon 135 = absorber rod

concept: rod absorber mechanism≠ radioactive xenon 135

Block 3 is located on the opposite side from 4, but the staff there is different. As for the equipment, it is almost the same, but no one touches it, for example. {{user}} It won't happen because they have a simple changeover today since the reactors that were put into operation except for 4, that's where this experiment is, because of what we need to do with safety engineering in case of anything, and later, if it works out, I'll introduce it into operation

SUZ (SUZ)-reactor protection control system
AZ (AZ)-emergency protection
AZ-5 (AZ-5)-reactor emergency shutdown
KIP-control and measuring instruments
SKALA (SCALA) - reactor parameter control system
OZR -operating reactivity margin
MW(t) - thermal power of the reactor
MW(e)-electrical power (for example, how much energy it produces)
MCP (MCP)-main circulation pumps
DS (BS)-drum separator
CH (central lock)-central hall (reactor hall)
MH (MZ)-machine hall (where are the generators located)
CR (control room)-control room of one block (1-4)

workers' uniform
workers come in different classes according to their specialty
uniform: white coat (thin but not transparent [white])
pants (behind the robe, not too wide and not too thin)
Shoes: black shoes (something like that)
Sanitary cap (white) (why sanitary because it is used by doctors, researchers, and nuclear power plant workers [then])
There is a film dosimeter in (a gift for the form)

this memory card created for the rest of the workers to avoid creating confusion between the workers

the building's administration is located further from the turbine hall

This means there are two power units 1-2
They are separate from each other (their walls are black on the outside) the structure is the same (but from the outside it looks like it's just a square) and between them there is a VT-1 (a ventilation pipe, it's long and grey, not very good popular) they are connected by a golden corridor, which is also the turbine hall
3-4 power units are connected and between these reactors there is already a legendary VT-2 (ventilation pipe 2) on the building with a fastening around the pipe, which gives this legend additional recognition Of course, the power unit is not just a big box like on 1-2, but it soon had something like steps of different heights, which made it look quite familiar. Of course, it was connected to the turbine hall and the golden corridor

radionuclides since 26 1986

zirconium-95 64.0 days 84,000
cerium-144 284 days 50,000
cerium-141 32.5 days 84,000
caesium-137 30.0 years 85,000
caesium-136 13.1 days 36,000
caesium-134 2.06 years 47,000
tellurium-132 3.26 days 1,150,000
tellurium-129 33.6 days 240,000
strontium-90 29.12 years 10,000
Strontium-89 50.5 days 115,000
Rubidium-106 368 days 73,000
Rubidium-103 39.3 days 168,000
Plutonium-242 375,000 years 0.04
Plutonium-241 14.4 years 2,600
Plutonium-240 6,537 years 18
Plutonium-239 24,065 years 13
Plutonium-238 87.74 years 15
neptunium-239 2.35 days 400,000
molybdenum-99 2.75 days 72,000
Curium-242 18.1 years 400
xenon-133 5.25 days 6,500,000
krypton-85 10.72 years 33,000
Iodine-133 20.8 hours 910,000
Iodine-131 8.04 days 1,760,000
Barium-140 12.7 days 240,000

element name - half-life - emission activity (TBq)

chances of survival
Reactor Hall: -100%

separators: -45% (close placement to the center of the explosion)

pumps No. 1: 10-0% (the roof collapsed a little and possibly buried a person)

pumps No. 2: -5% (due to the complete destruction of the premises)

turbine hall: 100% (and there is an answer to why this is so, the fact is that the turbine hall connects the 4-3 2-1 power unit, indicating that this is one turbine hall and not several, if you stand near the 4th power unit, 70-89%, since the roof has collapsed a bit and there are pieces of radioactive graphite lying around)

Control room: 100%

basement: 5% it's possible you fell unconscious and died without regaining consciousness

Note: If the number goes to (-), it means that there is a possibility that you can disappear or evaporate due to high temperatures. and in any case you would have disappeared if he went to (-)

And if you survive, radiation will finish you off.

approximate radiation exposure
at high levels in the 10,000~ roentgen zone
redness of the skin may be noticed
from different radioactive atoms can accumulate in the human body
for example: Iodine 131 (thyroid gland)
it is a by-product of decay

and other radioactive products can accumulate in muscles and other parts of the body

Note: Cancer, hair loss, and of course DNA loss and cell damage in general may occur.

There will certainly be radioactive burns

and if the body is exposed for a long time, the skin begins to darken and turn into dark skin, this is a fatal outcome

At first everything looks great and you feel better, but later you die from radiation.

and the pain... mmm, it's roughly considered agony, it's almost impossible not to notice, and soon you're already writhing in the hospital because it hurts so much

Iodine 131 is the main decay product of uranium 235.

You won't become a mutant, you'll rather die, and if animals already have some,

explosion
Pump room No. 2 was completely destroyed (buildings)
Pump room No. 1 remained intact, but a lot of debris remained inside.
(the pumps were located somewhere at the level of the internal reactor of the AZR)

reactor hall (of course, completely destroyed)

separators (both rooms were permitted as they were located next to the reactor hall at the level of the reactor lid)

Turbine hall (it was affected, but only partially; the roof was hit, a small hole was created where the graphite hit, but it was still a hit on the turbine)

the cooling tower (power unit 4-3) remained intact

Power unit 3 remained intact.

After the explosion, Khodemchuk, who was in the pumps, disappeared, and some workers started looking for him, and the pump rooms where Khodemchuk was completely destroyed; only the pumps remained, very badly damaged. Afterwards, they called the fire department, not only Pripyat, but also Kyiv firefighters and others.
After the firefighters arrived, they began to extinguish the fire from the bottom and then upwards. Later, Dyatlov thinks that it is a hydrogen tank and the radiation is only 3.6. Later, Fomin and Bryukhanov arrive in the bunker. Dyatlov tells them that Bryukhanov and Fomin is under control, the tank exploded, slightly hit the reactor, and the radiation was 3.6
In the morning, everyone who was infected is taken to the hospital.
but Sitnikov goes out onto the roof to check the condition of the reactor (of course, the reactor is blown up)

But after that, Gorbachev hired people responsible for the liquidation, Legasov himself participated in it. and Shcherbina
Everyone was sure that the hydrogen tank had exploded and the radiation was 3.6, but Legasov didn't think so.

Then the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident, the dumping of sand and pine forest into the reactor from a helicopter, the evacuation of residents of Pripyat, the killing of animals because of the radioactive

Before the explosion of reactor 4 there were cases (I don't remember either the first or the second) something also happened soon after the meltdown, the approximate date (1982)
night:
Leonid Toptunov and Alexander Akimov slowly reduce the power later. Akimov notices that the power has begun to drop rapidly, but Leonid claims that he is not controlling the rods.
it was (xenon pit or reactor poisoning)
it turns out that this effect actually reduces the reaction
The power dropped to less than a hundred megawatts later, Dyatlov ordered the rods to be raised to their maximum position. Akimov and Toptunov did as instructed, but the power was only 200. It's not terrible and it's not good. but (700) megawatts are needed and Dyatlov ordered to turn on the pumps for the experiment, but Akimov tried to persuade
But what everyone was afraid of happened: the xenon disintegrated and the power began to gain momentum; the reactivity doubled every second. Leonid noticed this and called Akimov to take a look.
Akimov rushes to the control panel and presses the AZ-5 button, but the rods are only partially released because everything inside had become deformed and did not pass further into the main circulation pump (the pump circuit ruptured, releasing pressure).
Khodemchuk was there

and in the reactor the first explosion was inside the reactor and the second was the explosion itself

Absorber rods: made of boron, but the rod tips are made of graphite

fuel rods (FA):consist of U²³⁵ (uranium235)

core: consists of graphite

Note: The explosion could have occurred because when the absorber rods were released and when they reached the core level, they did not decrease, but on the contrary, the reactivity increased, because of this the steam was pushed out All the absorber rods are put back on top, thus not shutting down the reactor + there are still many design flaws

weight: 650 tons~ (with internal hull)
331 tons~ (excluding internals)

reactor lid mass (Scheme "E"): 1000 tons~

slow down the turbines
reduce capacity to 700 MW
and see if the rotating turbine can still maintain energy before turning on the diesel generators
The goal was simple: we wanted to check whether the turbine could still rotate (when there was no steam coming in) using the steam that was there to power the pumps until the diesel generators started.

DG (diesel generator) - starts up somewhere in the minute +-

popular:
Vladimir Ivanovich Tishura
Nikolay Ivanovich Titenok
Vladimir Pavlovich Pravik
Victor Nikolaevich Kibenok
Nikolay Vasilievich Vashchu
Vasily Ivanovich Ignatenko

Sitnikov (HBO series Sitnikov climbed onto the roof on orders from his superiors to inspect the reactor)

others not mentioned

Alexander Yuvchenko (was sitting in his office)

Gorbachenko (the dosimetrist was sitting in the dosimetry room)

and others.

Perevoshchenko (reactor monitor)

Victor Bryukhanov (Director of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant)

Nikolay Fomin (Deputy Director)

Valeriy Khodemchuk (chief operator of the circulation pump)

Viktor Degtyarenko (was in the pump room, watching)

Alexander Akimov(reactor manager Akimov helps Toptunov in the test)

Leonid Toptunov (reactor managers)

Boris Stolyarchuk (Manager of Circulation or Circulation Pumps)

Igor Kirshenbaum (take the character from HBO, turbine manager)

Kudryavtsev and Proshkuryakov (stand next to the panel in case of something to replace a person)

Anatoly Dyatlov [Dyatlov is an evil man] (chief test engineer, if successful he can become Deputy Director)