Peter 1

Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich is the fifth and long-awaited child of Emperor Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna, who became the last official heir to the Russian throne. His short 13-year life was filled with both the boundless love of the family and the painful struggle with an incurable disease.The main facts and features of Alexei's character: "The long-awaited Sanych": The birth of the boy on July 30 (August 12), 1904 caused jubilation in the empire, because before that the royal couple had only daughters (Olga, Tatiana, Maria and Anastasia). Nicholas II recorded this day in his diary as "great and unforgettable". His mother affectionately called her son "Sunbeam" (Sunbeam), and in the family he was more often called "Baby" or Alyosha.The Horrors of Hemophilia: A genetic disease ([blood clotting] (1.2.7, 1.2.8) manifested itself in the infant almost immediately after birth. Any fall, careless jump or simple bruise led to internal hemorrhages in the joints (knees, elbows), which swelled, causing wild, multi-day pain and depriving the boy of the ability to walk. During periods of exacerbation of the disease, they carried the growing boy in their arms for hours.Secret claws of a pet: Like all children, Alexei adored animals. He had a favorite dog - a spaniel named Joy and a cat Cat, presented by General Voeikov. It is noteworthy that the cat's claws were surgically removed so that it would not accidentally scratch the heir with hemophilia.Habits and life of the heir to the throne:"Shchi and porridge are our food": Despite the luxury of palaces, the crown prince grew up surprisingly unpretentious. He called his favorite food simple cabbage soup, porridge and black bread. Being with his father at the front of the First World War, he often refused the exquisite dishes of the tsar's table and asked to bring him the usual portion of food from the common cauldron of the field kitchen, which was eaten by simple soldiers

Nicholas II Alexandrovich was the last emperor of the Russian Empire, who ruled from 1894 to 1917. The eldest son of Alexander III, he inherited a huge power during a period of rapid economic growth, but faced colossal social and political upheavals.His 22-year reign, which began with the tragedy on the Khodynka field, coincided with an era of wars and revolutions. In February 1917, Nicholas II signed an abdication of the throne, which put an end to more than 300 years of rule by the Romanov dynasty.The main events and reforms of Nicholas II:Industrialization and the gold chervonets: Under the leadership of the Minister of Finance Sergei Witte, a successful monetary reform was carried out in 1897, introducing the gold standard of the ruble. The Russian currency became one of the most stable in the world, and foreign capital poured into the country, providing a powerful industrial breakthrough.Manifesto of October 17, 1905: Under the pressure of the First Russian Revolution, Nicholas II issued the Manifesto "On the Improvement of State Order". For the first time in Russian history, the document granted citizens freedom of speech, conscience, assembly and association, and also established a parliament – the State Duma, without the approval of which no law could come into force.Stolypin Agrarian Reform (1906–1911): Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin tried to destroy the peasant community by allowing peasants to secure land as private property (farms and cuts). The reform also included the large-scale resettlement of millions of peasants to the free lands of Siberia.Tragic Wars: The reign of Nicholas II was marred by two major conflicts. The Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) ended with a heavy defeat and the loss of Southern Sakhalin. In 1914, Russia entered World War I, which depleted the country's resources, exacerbated internal contradictions, and led to a social explosion.Surprising facts about the emperor:Passion for photography and technology: Nicholas II was one of the most technically advanced monarchs of his time. He adored cars and assembled the largest

Alexander III Alexandrovich (Peacemaker) was a Russian emperor who ruled from 1881 to 1894. The second son of Alexander II, he ascended the throne after the tragic murder of his father by the Narodnaya Volya.This event forever determined his domestic policy: Alexander III completely froze liberal reforms, switched to a tough course of counter-reforms and the strengthening of the autocracy. At the same time, he went down in history as one of the most powerful rulers, under whom Russia did not wage a single war, for which he received the official epithet "Peacemaker".The main achievements and reforms of Alexander III: The era of counter-reforms: With his "Manifesto on the Inviolability of Autocracy" (1881), the tsar rejected the path of constitutional concessions. He limited the rights of the zemstvos, introduced strict censorship of the press, closed the autonomy of universities and raised the property qualification for voters to the city dumas.Industrial breakthrough: Under the leadership of outstanding ministers of finance (Bunge, Vyshnegradsky and Sergei Witte), a powerful economic upswing began in Russia. The start of the Trans-Siberian Railway (1891): It was Alexander III who signed a decree on the beginning of the construction of the Great Siberian Railway (Trans-Siberian Railway) - the longest railway in the world, which tightly connected the European part of Russia with the Far East.Russification policy and national course: The Tsar actively strengthened the Russian national spirit in all spheres. On the outskirts of the empire, office work and education were forcibly translated into Russian. The appearance of the army also changed: soldiers were dressed in comfortable, warm uniforms, reminiscent of traditional Russian costumes (caftans, trousers and high boots).Powerful foreign policy: Without getting involved in any military conflict, Alexander III forced the European powers to respect the borders of Russia. One of his main diplomatic achievements was the conclusion of the Franco-Russian alliance (1891–1894), which determined the balance of power in Europe for a long time.Amazing facts about the emperor:Tsar-bogatyr: Alexander

Alexander II Nikolayevich (Liberator) was a Russian emperor who ruled from 1855 to 1881. The eldest son of Nicholas I, he led the country in the midst of the lost Crimean War and managed to pull it out of the deepest crisis.His reign went down in history as the era of ["Great Reforms"] (1.3.4, 1.3.5), which radically changed the face of the Russian Empire. For the large-scale renewal of the state and a key decision in the history of the country, he received the legal epithet "Tsar-Liberator".Main achievements and "Great reforms":[Abolition of serfdom (1861)](1.1.1, 1.3.4): The main event in the Russian history of the XIX century. By the manifesto of February 19, the tsar freed more than 20 million peasants from personal dependence, endowing them with civil rights. Despite the economic costs and long redemption payments, this abolished centuries-old slavery and gave impetus to the development of capitalism.Judicial reform (1864): Alexander II created the most advanced court of his time in Russia. Publicity of judicial proceedings, independent judges, the legal profession and jury trials appeared. It was under him that the courts first began to acquit even politicians.Military reform (1874): Under the leadership of Dmitry Milyutin, the outdated recruiting system was replaced by universal military service for all classes (including the nobility). The term of service was reduced from 25 to 6 years in the ranks, the army abolished cruel corporal punishment and began to massively teach soldiers to read and write. Local elected bodies took over the construction of roads, the opening of free zemstvo schools, hospitals and the development of agronomy.Victory over Turkey (1877–1878): In the course of a successful war, the Russian army almost reached Istanbul, ensuring the independence of Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro and restoring Russia's authority in the international arena.Amazing facts about the emperor:Pupil of the poet: The main mentor and educator of young Alexander was the great Russian poet Vasily Zhukovsky. He made a 12-year-old

Nicholas I Pavlovich was a Russian emperor who ruled from 1825 to 1855. The third son of Paul I, he was not supposed to inherit the crown, but ascended the throne after the sudden death of his elder brother Alexander I and the official abdication of his middle brother Constantine. This fact forever determined his image as a tough conservative, securing his nickname "Nikolai Palkin" and his reputation as the "gendarme of Europe". Nevertheless, behind the external severity was one of the most hardworking rulers, under whom the industrial revolution began in the country.The main achievements and reforms of Nicholas I:Suppression of the Decembrist uprising (1825): Nicholas's reign began with a severe crisis. He personally led the investigation of the conspirators, showing an iron will. Five leaders were executed, hundreds were sent to hard labor, but this lesson forced the tsar to engage in an in-depth study of the problems of the state.Codification of laws (1830–1832): Entrusting the work to Mikhail Speransky, who had returned from disgrace, the emperor restored order in Russian law. A monumental code, the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire in 45 volumes, was published, which systematized the acts since the time of the Council Code of 1649.Cancrin's monetary reform (1839–1843): Minister of Finance Georg Cancrin introduced a firm currency backing in the country — the silver ruble. This stabilized the economy of the empire and eliminated the depreciated paper banknotes of previous years.Peasant reforms: Afraid to abolish serfdom at once, Nicholas systematically eased the lot of the peasants. Under the leadership of Pavel Kiselev, the reform of state peasants (1837–1841) took place: local self-government appeared, schools and hospitals were built. A decree "On Obligated Peasants" was issued (1842), which allowed landlords to grant freedom to serfs with the preservation of their allotments.Transport revolution: Nicholas I launched the construction of railways. In 1837, the first branch to Tsarsko was opened

Alexander I Pavlovich (the Blessed) was a Russian emperor who ruled from 1801 to 1825. The eldest son of Paul I, he came to power as a result of the murder of his father by conspirators, whose plans he knew in advance.His reign was marked by a difficult victory over Napoleon in the Patriotic War of 1812, large-scale attempts at liberal reforms at the beginning of the path and a sharp departure into mysticism and conservatism at the end of his life. Contemporaries called him the "Northern Sphinx" for his incredible secrecy, diplomacy and acting talent.The main achievements and reforms of Alexander I:Ministerial reform (1802): Alexander I radically changed the system of governing the country, replacing the outdated Peter the Great collegiums with the first 8 ministries (Military, Finance, Justice, Foreign Affairs, etc.). Decree on "free farmers" (1803): The first official attempt in the history of Russia to undermine serfdom. The law allowed landlords to voluntarily set their peasants free along with the land for redemption. Educational reform: The Emperor divided Russia into six educational districts and opened many universities (including Kazan, Kharkov, and St. Petersburg), as well as the famous Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, where Alexander Pushkin later studied.Territorial expansion: Under Alexander I, Finland (1809), Bessarabia (1812), Azerbaijan (1813), and the Kingdom of Poland (1815) were successfully annexed to the Russian Empire. Victory over Napoleon: In 1812, the Russian army expelled the French troops, and in 1814, Alexander I triumphantly entered Paris on a white horse at the head of a coalition of European powers. Later, he became the main ideologist of the creation of the Holy Alliance to maintain peace in Europe.Amazing facts about the emperor:Upbringing "not of this world": The tsar's grandmother, Catherine II, took her grandson from her parents immediately after birth. She personally drew up a rigorous training program for him and

Paul I Petrovich is the most mysterious and tragic emperor of Russia, who ruled from 1796 to 1801. The son of Catherine II and Peter III, he waited for the throne for 34 long years, being in disgrace with his own mother.Because of his chivalrous but impulsive nature, as well as because of his desire to completely cross out Catherine's reforms, he received the nickname "Russian Hamlet" from his contemporaries. His reign lasted only 4 years, 4 months and 5 days and was interrupted as a result of the last palace coup in the history of Russia.The main reforms of Paul I:The New Act of Succession to the Throne (1797): The main law of Paul, which forever abolished the decree of Peter I, which allowed the monarch to appoint a successor himself. Paul introduced strict inheritance strictly in the male line (from father to eldest son). This law eliminated the leapfrog of palace coups and remained in effect until the fall of the monarchy in 1917.Manifesto on the three-day corvee: For the first time in history, the Emperor tried to legislate to limit the exploitation of serfs by prohibiting landlords from forcing them to work for them more than 3 days a week. He also forbade the sale of peasants without land and the separation of their families when selling.Restriction of the rights of the nobility: Paul actually eliminated the "golden age" of the nobility. He restored corporal punishment for crimes for the nobility, obliged them to pay taxes and dismissed from the army all fictitious officers who were registered there. Drill and Prussian order in the army: Having idolized Frederick the Great, Paul dressed the Russian army in an uncomfortable Prussian uniform, introduced the strictest discipline, wigs with boucles and literalism in the execution of regulations, which caused sharp discontent among officers. When Napoleon captured the island of Malta, the Emperor took the Order of Malta under the protection of Russia, moved its headquarters to St. Petersburg, and officially became the Grand Master of the Order of Malta. On the coat of arms of the Russian Federation

Catherine II the Great is one of the brightest and most influential rulers in world history, who led the Russian Empire from 1762 to 1796. Her long reign of 34 years is called the "Golden Age" of the Russian nobility and the era of enlightened absolutism.Having come to power as a result of a palace coup and the overthrow of her husband Peter III, the German princess Sophia Augusta Frederica of Anhalt-Zerbst turned Russia into the most powerful world power.The main achievements and reforms of Catherine the Great:Colossal expansion of borders: As a result of the successful Russo-Turkish wars, Crimea was annexed to Russia, Novorossiya, the Black Sea region and the Kuban. Also, after three partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Right-Bank Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and Courland became part of the empire. It was under Catherine the Great that the colonization of Alaska began.Development of education and culture: the Empress opened the Smolny Institute, the first state educational institution for women in Russia. She founded the Russian Academy, created a system of public schools and laid the foundation of the Hermitage collection, buying up masterpieces of European painting. In 1785, she issued the "Charter of Grant to the Nobility" (which secured their maximum rights and exemption from service) and the "Charter of Grants to the Cities" (which developed city self-government).Suppression of the Pugachev Uprising (1773–1775): She managed to cope with the largest peasant war in the history of Russia led by Yemelyan Pugachev, who pretended to be the surviving Peter III.Little-known and surprising facts:Personal example in medicine: In 1768, at the height of the smallpox epidemic, Catherine II was the first in Russia to vaccinate herself and her son Paul against this terrible disease. To protect the English doctor Thomas Dimsdale from the wrath of the crowd in case of failure, harnessed carriages were on duty at the gates of the palace. This act marked the beginning of mass vaccination in the country.

Peter III Fedorovich (born Karl Peter Ulrich of Holstein-Gottorp) is one of the most underrated and controversial Russian emperors. He ruled for only 186 days (from December 1761 to June 1762) and was overthrown by his own wife, Catherine II. However, modern historians look at his personality in a completely different way.Amazing facts about Peter III:A unique heir to two empires: Peter was both the grandson of the Russian Tsar Peter I (on his mother's side) and the great-nephew of the Swedish King Charles XII (on his father's side). As a child, he was seriously prepared to occupy the Swedish throne, taught Swedish and brought up in the Lutheran faith, but his aunt Elizabeth Petrovna forcibly brought him to Russia.Difficult childhood: The boy lost his parents early, and cruel Swedish officers were engaged in his upbringing in Germany. The prince was starved, forced to kneel on peas for hours and brutally flogged for the slightest offense, which greatly broke his psyche and health.Large-scale reforms in six months: During his 186 days of reign, Peter III managed to issue unique progressive laws, many of which Catherine II later left in force. For example: Manifesto on the Liberty of the Nobility - exempted the nobility from compulsory 25 years of military or civilian service.Liquidation of the Secret Office - he destroyed the sinister body of political investigation and banned torture.Religious freedom - he stopped the persecution of Old Believers and introduced freedom of religion.Humane Court - made court sessions open and introduced lifelong exile for the murder of their peasants by landlords.Passion for the violin: The emperor not only adored parades and Prussian military uniforms. He was a talented musician, played the violin masterfully, collected an expensive collection of valuable instruments and even opened the first music academy at the court.The fatal "cult of personality" of Frederick II: Peter III fanatically bowed to the Prussian king

Elizabeth Petrovna was a Russian empress who ruled the country from 1741 to 1761. The daughter of Peter I and Catherine I, she ascended the throne as a result of a guards coup, overthrowing one-year-old John VI.Her twenty-year reign was an era of return to Peter the Great's traditions, the flourishing of Russian culture, the Baroque and brilliant military victories.Elizabeth's main achievements and reforms:Abolition of the death penalty: Elizabeth Petrovna became the first Russian monarch to actually stop the execution of death sentences in the country. Before the coup, she made a vow that if she succeeded, she would not execute anyone, and kept her word all her life, replacing the execution with hard labor and exile.Foundation of Moscow State University and the Academy of Arts: In 1755, by her decree and with the active participation of Ivan Shuvalov and Mikhail Lomonosov, Moscow University was opened. Also under her, the Imperial Academy of Arts was born and the first state theater was opened.The heyday of the Russian Baroque: The Empress adored architecture. During her reign, the great architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli erected the Winter Palace, the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo and the Smolny Cathedral in St. Petersburg. This magnificent style would later be called the "Elizabethan Baroque".Economic rise: In 1754, on the initiative of Pyotr Shuvalov, internal customs duties were abolished in Russia. This gave a tremendous impetus to the development of trade and entrepreneurship within the country. Victories in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763): The Russian army under the command of Saltykov defeated the Prussians of King Frederick II the Great at Kunersdorf, and in 1760 Russian troops took Berlin. Prussia was on the verge of complete collapse, and only the sudden death of Elizabeth saved her from destruction.Unusual facts about the Empress:Incredible dressing room: Elizabeth was the main fashionista of her century. After her death, there were about 15,000 dresses, two chests of silk stockings, and thousands of pairs of shoes. She never wore the same dress twice and changed her clothes

Ivan VI (Ivan Antonovich) is the most unfortunate and tragic monarch in the history of Russia. His nominal reign lasted a little more than a year, from October 1740 to November 1741. He ascended the throne as an infant at the age of two months and was deposed when he was one year and three months old. He spent most of the rest of his life in solitary confinement.

Empress Anna Ioannovna (niece of Peter I)She ruled Russia from 1730 to 1740.Kinship: Anna was the daughter of Tsar Ivan V, the elder brother and co-ruler of Peter I.The role of Peter I in her fate: It was Peter who in 1710 married her to the Duke of Courland Friedrich Wilhelm in order to strengthen Russia's position in the Baltic. However, the Duke passed away just 2.5 months after the wedding. At the insistence of Peter I, the young widow was sent to live in Mitava (now Jelgava, Latvia), where she spent almost 20 years in poverty and political isolation.Coming to power: She unexpectedly ascended the throne after the death of the young Peter II (grandson of Peter I), when the direct male line of the Romanov dynasty was interrupted. Her reign went down in history as "Bironovshchina" because of the huge influence of her favorite Ernst Johann Biron.Interesting facts about the Empress: "Torn Conditions": Anna Ioannovna could become the first constitutional monarch in the history of Russia. Inviting her to the throne, the members of the Supreme Privy Council forced her to sign the "Conditions" - a document that practically deprived her of absolute power. However, when she arrived in Moscow and enlisted the support of the guards, she publicly tore up the paper and restored the autocracy.Cruel fun - Ice House: One of the most famous and sinister episodes of her reign was the clown's wedding in February 1740. By order of the queen, the Ice Palace was built on the frozen Neva, where all the furniture, dishes and even food were made of ice. Prince Mikhail Golitsyn, demoted to jesters, and Kalmyk woman Avdotya Buzheninova were forcibly forced to spend their wedding night there. The newlyweds miraculously survived.Passion for shooting: The Empress adored hunting and shot accurately. The windows of her palace were constantly open, and loaded guns were always lying nearby. A huge staff of dwarfs and giants: Anna Ioannovna was terribly afraid of loneliness and silence. Her courtyard was crowded with jesters, dwarfs, hunchbacks and "talkers" - women who had to work around the clock

Peter I is one of the most extraordinary and active rulers in the history of Russia. He not only "cut a window to Europe" and founded St. Petersburg, but was also remembered by contemporaries for many eccentric habits, innovative decrees and personal hobbies. Unusual facts about Peter the Great: Giant height and tiny leg: The Tsar was of outstanding height - about 204 cm. At the same time, he had a disproportionately small 38th shoe size, narrow shoulders and a small head, which made his figure quite comical, but impressive.

Gorbilet +1 Passion for dentistry: Peter I loved to master new crafts, including medicine. During his travels, he learned how to pull out teeth and enjoyed practicing it on his courtiers. If one of the boyars complained of toothache, the tsar could remove not only the diseased one, but also a couple of neighboring teeth "for prevention".

Techinsider.ru Invention of skates: It was the first Russian emperor who came up with the idea of attaching skates directly to shoes, skating in the Dutch manner. Before that, in Russia, skates were tied to boots with belts.

HUNDRED FACTS +1 Many professions : The king had 14 crafts. He was well versed in shipbuilding, could build a ship himself, worked as a carpenter, blacksmith and even mastered printing. The only craft that he never conquered was the weaving of bast shoes.

kcrcbs.ru Curious decrees: During his reign, Peter issued about 4000 decrees. Among them were very strange ones: a ban on hiring "crooked and redheads" into the civil service and an anti-corruption law, according to which an official was hanged if the amount stolen exceeded the cost of a rope.

mirbiblio.ru +1 Love for curiosities and flowers: It was Peter I who brought tulips, potatoes and many new products to Russia, including parsley, spinach and eggplant. He also founded the first museum, the Kunstkamera, collecting collections of anatomical rarities.

Marta Skavronskaya: At birth, the future queen's name was Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya. She was born into a family of Livonian (Lithuanian) peasants, was orphaned early and was brought up in the house of the Protestant pastor Gluck, which is why she was not even taught to read and write. Marta was captured, first with Field Marshal Sheremetev, then with the favorite of the tsar Alexander Menshikov, where she was noticed by Peter I. Beloved wife: In 1705, she converted to Orthodoxy under the name Catherine Alekseevna. Possessing an easy, cheerful character and a natural mind, she became indispensable for Peter. Only Catherine could calm the Tsar during terrible fits of anger and severe migraines. In 1712, they were officially married. She bore Peter more than 10 children (including the future Empress Elizabeth Petrovna), but most died in childhood.Coming to powerPeter I died in 1725, leaving no will. The old family aristocracy (princes Golitsyn, Dolgorukov) wanted to enthrone the young grandson of the tsar, Peter Alexeevich.However, the new nobility, led by Alexander Menshikov, relying on the support of the loyal guards, actually carried out the first palace coup and enthroned Catherine I. Two-year reign (1725–1727)The empress herself was almost not interested in state affairs, shifting them to the shoulders of her associates. Prince Menshikov became the de facto ruler of the country. Nevertheless, during the two years of her reign, important events took place:Creation of the Supreme Privy Council (1726): The highest authority of several close nobles, which made all key decisions and limited the power of the Senate.Opening of the Academy of Sciences (1725): The institution was conceived by Peter I, but officially opened and began work under Catherine.Bering's expedition: The famous First Kamchatka Expedition was organized under the leadership of Vitus Bering to search for the isthmus between Asia and the Americas.Tax relief: Due to crop failures

Peter I is one of the most extraordinary and active rulers in the history of Russia. He not only "cut a window to Europe" and founded St. Petersburg, but was also remembered by contemporaries for many eccentric habits, innovative decrees and personal hobbies. Unusual facts about Peter the Great: Giant height and tiny leg: The Tsar was of outstanding height - about 204 cm. At the same time, he had a disproportionately small 38th shoe size, narrow shoulders and a small head, which made his figure quite comical, but impressive. Passion for dentistry: Peter I loved to master new crafts, including medicine. During his travels, he learned how to pull out teeth and enjoyed practicing it on his courtiers. If one of the boyars complained of toothache, the tsar could remove not only the diseased one, but also a couple of neighboring teeth "for prevention". Invention of skates: It was the first Russian emperor who came up with the idea of attaching skates directly to shoes, skating in the Dutch manner. Before that, in Russia, skates were tied to boots with belts.

HUNDRED FACTS +1 Many professions : The king had 14 crafts. He was well versed in shipbuilding, could build a ship himself, worked as a carpenter, blacksmith and even mastered printing. The only craft that he never conquered was the weaving of bast shoes.

kcrcbs.ru Curious decrees: During his reign, Peter issued about 4000 decrees. Among them were very strange ones: a ban on hiring "crooked and redheads" into the civil service and an anti-corruption law, according to which an official was hanged if the amount stolen exceeded the cost of a rope.

mirbiblio.ru +1 Love for curiosities and flowers: It was Peter I who brought tulips, potatoes and many new products to Russia, including parsley, spinach and eggplant. He also founded the first museum, the Kunstkamera, collecting collections of anatomical rarities. Military reform: Introduction of conscription (lifelong recruitment of peasants into the army). Creation of a powerful Navy. Publication of unified Military and Naval regulations.

interesting facts about Peter 1 + 6 Peter I is one of the most extraordinary and active rulers in the history of Russia. Unusual facts about Peter the Great:Giant height and tiny foot: The Tsar was of outstanding height - about 204 cm. Passion for dentistry: Peter I loved to master new crafts, including medicine. During his travels, he learned how to pull out teeth and enjoyed practicing it on his courtiers. If one of the boyars complained of a toothache, the tsar could remove not only the diseased one, but also a couple of neighboring teeth "for prevention".Invention of skates: It was the first Russian emperor who came up with the idea of attaching skates directly to shoes, skating in the Dutch manner. Before that, in Russia, skates were tied to shoes with belts.Many professions: The Tsar had 14 crafts. He was well versed in shipbuilding, could build a ship himself, worked as a carpenter, blacksmith and even mastered printing. The only craft that he never conquered was the weaving of bast shoes.Curious decrees: During his reign, Peter issued about 4000 decrees. Among them were very strange ones: a ban on hiring "crooked and redheads" into the civil service and an anti-corruption law, according to which an official was hanged if the amount stolen exceeded the cost of a rope.Love for curiosities and flowers: It was Peter I who brought tulips, potatoes and many new products to Russia, including parsley, spinach and eggplant. He also founded the first museum, the Kunstkamera, collecting collections of anatomical rarities. Peter I was born on June 9, 1672 (according to the Julian calendar, which was then in force in Russia - May 30).He was born in the Terem Palace of the Kremlin in Moscow. His father was Tsar Alexei Mikhailov