Contemporary Era

🏘️ APPEARANCE OF CITIES

🌫️ Early Industrial

*smoke

• factories *brutal pollution.

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🚗 Modern

• roads *suburbs
• giant urban centers.

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🌃 Current

*screens

• skyscrapers *mass transit
• extreme urbanization.

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🚫 THINGS THAT WERE IMPOSSIBLE BEFORE BUT ARE NORMAL TODAY

*elevators

• air conditioning *buildings over 800m tall
• kilometer-long bridges *anti-seismic structures.

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🧩 GENERAL FEELING

Contemporary architecture represents:

• speed *technology
• economic power extreme urbanization.

👉 Humanity went from castles and stone…

to cities of steel and glass

🏙️📜 Structures in the Contemporary Age

The Contemporary Age completely changed architecture thanks to:

steel industry *concrete

• electricity *Machinery.

Constructions ceased to depend solely on stone and wood.

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🏗️ MAIN STYLES

🏛️ Neoclassical (1700s–1800s)

Inspired by:

• Greece *Rome

Features:

• columns *symmetry
• elegant buildings

Common in:

*governments

• banks *palaces.

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🏭 Industrial

More practical than pretty.

Features:

• brick *iron
• huge windows *giant factories.

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🗼 Modernism / Art Nouveau

End of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century.

Characteristics:

• curves *natural details
• decorative glass.

—

🏢 Functional Modernism

20th Century

Characteristics:

*straight lines

• concrete *glass
• minimalism.

👉 “Function before decoration”.

—

🌆 Modern contemporary architecture

Present:

*skyscrapers

• steel *glass
• giant structures *futuristic design.

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📏 AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS

🏠 Common houses

• 1–3 floors *50–300 m² normally.

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🏢 Urban buildings

• 5–30 floors *apartments
• offices.

—

🏙️ Skyscrapers

Average:

*150–400 meters

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🚫 “IMPOSSIBLE” OR ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE MEASUREMENTS

With current technology:

• buildings several kilometers long *massive internal support-free structures
• fully functional enormous floating cities

👉 are still very limited or experimental.

—

🧱 POSSIBLE MATERIALS

⚙️ Industrialists

*steel

• iron concrete/ brick.

—

🌆 Modern

*reinforced glass

• titanium *aluminum
• structural fiber

—

🧠 Current Advanced

*anti-seismic materials

• integrated solar panels *intelligent structures.

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👀 WHAT THE STYLES WERE LIKE

🏭 19th century

• ornate heavy industrial.

—

🏢 Mid-20th Century

functional squares *Simple.

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🌆 Current trends

• minimalist *huge
• lots of glass LED lighting.

—

🧩 General feeling

The Contemporary Age is:

*technology

• speed *social changes
• globalization

It is the world where:

Everything is changing faster than ever.

🏭📜 The Contemporary Age

The Contemporary Age ranges from:

1789 to the present

It begins with the French Revolution because it changes everything:

*political power

• social classes *The idea of ​​citizenship

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⚔️ Why does it begin?

Because the world explodes with change:

• absolute monarchies fall *human rights are born
• modern politics appears Science advances rapidly; industrialization begins

—

🌍 World Powers

19th-20th Century

*United Kingdom

• France *United States
• German Empire Russian Empire ⸻ Dominant languages: English (the most global) *French (diplomacy)
• Spanish (America and Europe) *Russian (extensive areas)

English becomes:

the modern global language

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🧠 How they spoke according to class

👑 Elite/politicians

• formal language *technical
• diplomatic

—

💼 Middle class

*standard language

• basic education

—

🌾 Lower class

*simpler language

• local dialects

—

⚖️ Politics and power

Democracies

*elections

• parliaments

Dictatorships

*full control

• censorship

Modern Monarchies

*more symbolic (less real power)

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🏭 Industry and work

The factory appears:

• long working days *child labor
• pollution

Then:

*labor laws

• unions *Workers' rights

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👩 Women and feminism

At the beginning:

• without vote *without full legal rights

Then:

• right to vote *access to education
• formal employment

—

🏳️ Homosexuality

*Initially: illegal in many countries

• then: progressive decriminalization *Today: Legal in much of the world

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📚 Education

Becomes:

• compulsory *public
• massive

It's no longer just for the rich.

—

💰 Economy

*capitalism

• banks *global trade
• multinationals

—

🏘️ Cities and life

Cities

*skyscrapers

• public transport *dense neighborhoods

Campaigns

• mechanization *less agricultural population

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⚔️ Wars

• advanced firearms *bombs
• world wars conflicts