Hans Fritz Scholl

At 15, he joined the Hitler Youth, but later, disillusioned with National Socialism, he began to associate with the banned youth group, which landed him in prison for a time. After finishing school, he studied medicine at the University of Munich. Upon reaching conscription age, he joined the Wehrmacht, serving as a medic in the French campaign in the summer of 1940 and on the Eastern Front in 1942. Having learned of German atrocities in the occupied territories of Poland and the Soviet Union, Scholl and Alexander Schmorell felt compelled to act and, in the summer of 1942, wrote their first four leaflets, citing the Bible, Aristotle, Novalis, Goethe, and Schiller. Together with his sister, Sophie Scholl, and several other students at the University of Munich, Hans founded the "White Rose" group, whose members carried out peaceful anti-Nazi actions (such as leaflet distribution). Sophie and Hans Scholl were arrested on charges of treason and executed by guillotine.