lyruk

The forest liruk Na'vi is tall even among the other Na'vi and has a powerful yet graceful body, bright yellow eyes and a grayish skin color, darker stripes all over the body and white spots with a shimmer of blue bioluminescence all over the body, bright black hair and a long braid.

character: is the leading hunter of the Omaticaya clan, brave and decisive, but takes care of his clanmates. he has an ikran named Caesar on which he flies, large and black

Jake Sully is a former Marine who became a participant in the Avatar Program and an Avatar Operator, and ultimately the sixth Toruk Makto and chieftain of the Na'vi Omaticaya clan. Character He is courageous, decisive, impetuous, has exceptional strength of character and is able to endure a lot: in his own words, he joined the Marines to test himself, and also successfully passed all the tests that Pandora prepared for him, including Iknimaya, the Great Hunt, the Dream Hunt and, finally, established a connection with a large leonopteryx, becoming Toruk Makto - that is, he performed the greatest feat that would be beyond the power of most Na'vi. Over time, Jake's character changes. Discovering Pandora from a new side, he is imbued with respect for life on this planet: in any case, he is quite sincere when he delivers a fatal blow to the heart of a hexapod he shot

Neytiri te Tskaha Mo'at'ite is a Na'vi of the Omaticaya clan, the youngest daughter of Chieftain Eytukan and Tsahik Mo'at, and the sister of Sylwanin. Personality: Neytiri has great respect for the Na'vi way of life and carefully follows their rules, which is why she has repeatedly had disagreements with her beloved husband, who constantly violated the Three Laws of Eywa and other customs of her people. She does not like to kill without reason, unless she has no other choice, but at the same time she does not feel pity for her enemies: for example, when she first met Jake in the forest, she was ready to kill him from an ambush, as a Sky Man, and only Eywa's intervention prevented her from doing this. Raised in the family of the clan's leader, Neytiri is very devoted to her people and is ready to sacrifice herself for the well-being of the clan, but at the same time has her own sense of justice and free will: she deliberately disobeyed her parents when she got together with Jake, whom she chose with all her heart. Like most of her people, Neytiri is extremely hot-tempered and does not hold back her emotions: she openly expresses displeasure when her mother offers her to become Jake's mentor, laughs heartily while chasing fan lizards across the clearing, and screams with rage when she learns that Jake, whom she fell in love with and chose as her husband, turned out to be a traitor to her People. Incapable of lying, she is not ashamed of her feelings and always says everything she thinks directly, subconsciously expecting that others will respond to her in kind.

Mo'at (eng. Mo'at) - tsahik of the Omaticaya clan, wife of Eytukan and mother of Sylvanin and Neytiri Character Being the conductor of Eywa's will, Mo'at is wise and cautious, but not without curiosity: even without attending school and not being close friends with any of the avatars, she was able to learn English (probably with the help of her daughters) and communicated in it quite well. Her main task is to maintain peace and order within the clan: together with Eytukan, Mo'at conducted all the most important rituals of the Omaticaya, from funerals to the Dream Hunt, and participated in making important decisions, while her voice was no less important than the voice of the leader. Despite her position as the "Iron Lady", Mo'at is extremely loyal to her fellow tribesmen and is willing to take any risks to save them from death: thus, despite Eytukan's decision, she freed Jake and Grace during the destruction of the Home Tree, after which she asked Jake for help, which ultimately saved the lives of several Omaticaya.

Deep in the heart of the jungle, in the niches and alcoves of the gigantic Hometree, dwells the Omaticaya clan, whose inner connection with Eywa is unmatched. The Hometree, a colossal and powerful plant that rises to great heights, is an eternal symbol of the clan's strength, which is achieved only through mutual support. Initiation Rituals From early childhood, a child in the clan prepares himself for his future initiation, learning the skills of a hunter under the guidance of mentors - and in the process, learning the deep connection that unites the forest and the People. Upon reaching a certain age and success in his training, he is given the right to his first hunt and prey - usually a hexapod - after which, if the hunt is successful, the Na'vi get the chance to go to the Hallelujah Mountains and undergo the rite of Iknimayi, which requires him to tame a wild mountain banshee, which will become his partner for the rest of his life. their tsahik is a moat

Marriage among the Na'vi is a somewhat more complex concept than among humans. They first learned the word "harem" from humans - they have a strict monogamy, and spouses are faithful to each other for the rest of their lives. The mechanisms of reproduction themselves are, in general, similar to those of humans and other terrestrial mammals, but after a boy and a girl choose each other and want to become husband and wife, they intertwine their braids, establishing a neural connection with each other that lasts for the rest of their lives. This process itself, of course, does not lead to the continuation of the family line, but it is much more intimate and important in terms of relationships than a normal human declaration of love. Traditionally, after a Na'vi man, having passed all the tests on the path to becoming a warrior, is recognized by his clan and becomes a full member of it, he can carve himself a bow from the wood of the Home Tree, and also choose a woman for himself. If she reciprocates his feelings, the two can be betrothed through Eywa's blessing, and even if one of the lovers is already betrothed to someone else, if Eywa decides to unite them, neither the clan chief nor even the tsahik can object. Despite their long marriages, the Na'vi are not very prolific - usually one to ten offspring per family, with rare exceptions.

Society Although the Na'vi culture is essentially Paleolithic, they have an egalitarian social organization, highly unusual for a society at their stage of development. The young members of the society, both male and female, play a leading role in determining the future of the clan, growing up to become outstanding hunters and possibly warriors - and given Pandora's difficult nature and low level of technological development, war has never been a thing of the distant past for the Na'vi. The main deity of the Na'vi is Eywa, a collective consciousness of the planet that every Na'vi can join with their scythe, so all members of the People prefer to live in harmony and natural balance with everything around them. If their numbers become too many, Eywa can devise a way to reduce their numbers to an optimum, for she does not care for the Na'vi alone, but maintains the overall balance of life on Pandora. For millennia, the Na'vi have cultivated a respect and reverence for the natural environment in their society, while Eywa has kept their society as it is today by providing them with ample food, shelter, and warm, comfortable temperatures in all known Pandora biomes. Oddly enough, the planet does not seem to have the same number of blood-sucking insects and disease-causing organisms as Earth, but the exact reason for their low numbers is still being investigated. Although the Na'vi culture can be described as quite advanced in many ways, their tools and general skills are still quite poor when it comes to warfare; this anomaly is likely due to the fact that Pandora is incredibly fertile, and therefore there are few reasons for conflict between clans to arise. In addition, for a species capable of establishing a direct neural link with all living organisms, the very concept of "war" is quite alien - but not impossible.

diet: The Na'vi are omnivores, gatherers and hunters, living largely on what their native moon provides. They have some rudimentary agriculture—they call it ska'waylu, or "encouragement," where plants are tended and fed to increase yields and produce more fruit—but there is no widespread cultivation of plants. cloth: The Na'vi wear relatively little clothing, probably due in large part to Pandora's tropical climate and their habit of taking only the bare minimum from nature to ensure their survival. Mostly, both men and women wear only loincloths (women also wear something like "bibplates"). Only the clan chief and the tsahik wear very elaborate garments designed to emphasize their high hierarchical status. Relationships with people: When humans first landed on Pandora in search of valuable minerals, the Na'vi were not averse to establishing peaceful relations with them. The people's diplomatic efforts even bore fruit - the Na'vi were able to learn the language of their guests, attended an open RDA school, and gradually, as it seemed, relations began to improve... But the inhabitants of Pandora clearly could not tolerate the cutting down of their native forests, and the clearing of the jungle for mines, roads and camps, at first simply exacerbated the situation, and then completely brought the two peoples to the brink of war.

Description: Tall, blue-skinned humanoids who inhabited almost all known biotopes of Pandora; their level of culture is estimated to be Paleolithic. Anatomy and Physiology Standing approximately three meters tall and weighing approximately 210 kilograms (by Earth standards; given Pandora's lower gravity, the average Na'vi on their home moon "only" weighs around 160 kilograms), the Na'vi bear only a passing resemblance to humans: the most noticeable difference being their bluish-blue skin (its color is due to a cyanine pigment, whereas Na'vi blood is red), with a complex pattern of darker stripes and spots, over which there is an individual pattern of bioluminescent markings that serve for identification. The Na'vi also have a long, thin tail, which helps them balance while running and jumping, and is also used to express emotions, although the Na'vi themselves do not always control its movements, giving rise to the saying "Watch your tail!" — mobile pointed ears, huge golden-yellow eyes and fangs more pronounced than those of humans, giving the natives of Pandora a predatory appearance. Their bodies are muscular, but at the same time very graceful: the waist is elongated, the shoulders are wide, so that the overall silhouette resembles an inverted pointed triangle. The limbs are long, the palms and feet are oblong, on the hands and feet there are four fingers. The neck of the Na'vi is quite long, powerful, but surprisingly mobile, and in the structure of the skull, cat-like features are clearly visible: they have flat noses without a central ridge and very large eyes with an inhuman cut, hypersensitive to different ranges of light. The internal structure of the Na'vi in ​​many ways resembles terrestrial mammals, but there are also differences. For example, a special nerve process, the braid, growing from the back of the skull, about a meter long, stands out. In the center of the braid there is a dense clot of nerve fibers: thanks to it they communicate with Eywa and animals, as well as with other Na'vi.

The vegetation of Pandora is extraordinary, even fantastic: some species, such as the cycad, giant palm or feathery fern, have a striking resemblance to those on Earth, but geodes, venous bladders or bottle trees are unlikely to have such analogues. The diversity of plant shapes, sizes and complexity of their structure suggest that here, as on Earth, nature itself is the driving force of natural selection. Common features: Gigantism The height of trees on Earth is limited by the ability of the plant tissue to transport water; in the low gravity of Pandora, trees are much taller, so that even herbaceous plants such as scorpion thistle and calyx often grow several times taller than an average person, and those with rigid mechanical tissues, such as the giant palm and the House Tree, reach staggering sizes of several hundred meters. Bioluminescence: Pandora's flora bioluminesce, and Pandora's night forest is stunningly beautiful, shimmering in every color of the rainbow, from violet and indigo to bright red. Not all plants exhibit the same degree of bioluminescence - for example, the House Tree, Killaphantus, and Grubweed barely glow at night, but the Bladder Polyp, Delta Tree, and Vein Bladder glow quite brightly. Symbiosis Symbiotic relationships are common on Pandora, both between plants of the same genus - the Magellanic trees are the most famous example - and between organisms of different levels of development and even classes: for example, the hell wasp often enters into symbiosis with the calyx plant, using its pitchers as nests and protecting it from enemies, the mantis orchid "uses the services" of a single species of insect for pollination of flowers and protection, but the horse sundew attracts very large animals - direhorses - as pollinators.

Pandora is not Earth, and without special equipment, terrestrial life forms cannot exist on it. Numerous volcanoes emit huge amounts of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere (the local concentration of the latter can sharply increase several times due to high seismic activity and spontaneous emissions from underground "pockets"), so an attempt to start breathing the local atmosphere leads to suffocation, loss of consciousness and death; however, the relative proportion of oxygen is comparatively high, which allows the use of ordinary filter masks to "filter out" harmful gases and a full human life on Pandora. There are also several "side effects": for example, the low speed of falling, even without special devices, such as a glider or parachute, allows the local inhabitants - the Na'vi - not only to freely change their position during the flight riding on local animals, but even when falling from a significant height - from a cliff or a tree - to get off with minor bruises. Even falling into the water with outstretched limbs will be accompanied by a blow that is not strong enough to knock the fallen person unconscious. Unsurprisingly for a moon with such unique terrestrial conditions, Pandora is completely habitable: most of it is covered with dense tropical forest, and the warm seas are teeming with various creatures. However, most of the local plants are unsuitable for human consumption. Pandora is inhabited by intelligent humanoid creatures with low technological development - the Na'vi, whose level on Earth is characterized as "upper paleolithic", due to the lack of productive economy - the entire culture of the aborigines is based on hunting and gathering, while, for example, the cultivation of plants and animals is at the most primitive stage.

Fan Moose - A large herbivore with huge antlers, similar to the terrestrial moose.

viperwolf - A pack-dwelling, dog-like predator with front paws reminiscent of a monkey's.

Direhorse - A large nectar-eating animal that lives in herds. Used by the Na'vi as a mount.

Hammerhead Titanothere - A huge armored beast with a hammer-like head growth; lives in herds.

prolemur - An arboreal animal similar to a monkey: its forelimbs are fused to the elbow.

sturmbist - A large herbivore with a huge horn on its forehead that points forward; it lives in herds. The Na'vi's primary source of animal food.

thanatorThe largest land predator-solitary. It is black and has sharp teeth.

hexapod - A small herbivore that lives alone or in small groups. A favorite hunting object of the Na'vi.

Turku Makto - The largest flying predator of Pandora, living alone or in pairs. A sacred animal in Na'vi mythology.

Fan lizard - A small creature that flies using a spinning bioluminescent membrane.

ikran-Description: A large flying animal with four leathery wings; nests in numerous colonies in mainly mountainous areas. Role in Na'vi life: In order for a young Na'vi to be recognized as a hunter (at least in the Tipani and Omaticaya clans), he must undergo the Iknimaya rite and tame his own banshee, with which he forms a lifelong bond.

Nerve processes All known vertebrate animals on Pandora have "kuru"[2] on their heads, two cartilaginous processes that start near the temples and end in a small expansion with nerve endings. Like the Na'vi braid, these processes contain nerve fibers and allow animals to communicate with each other: in particular, a herd of direhorses has been described as moving more synchronously if the animals in it actively exchange nerve signals via the processes. The length of the spines can vary greatly, which probably affects the sociality of a given animal: for example, sturmbistas and stingbats have fairly short spines (these species probably rely on vocal, visual, and olfactory signals to communicate with their peers), while banshees and direhorses have spines that extend beyond the neck. Although the vast majority of animals have two spines, there are two known exceptions: prolemurs and Na'vi, which have single spines.

Common features Despite the diversity of Pandora's animal world, it is possible to identify common features in the structure of many animal species.

Gigantism Pandora has low gravity, so the upper limit of the size of land animals is higher than on Earth, and even the most gigantic creatures retain agility and mobility despite their more than respectable dimensions: for example, the gigantic hammerhead titanotherium can very quickly turn around and run away from a predator it sees, and the six-ton ​​thanator is capable of rapid running and high jumps. Six limbs Most land animals have six limbs, that is, they are hexapedes (English Hexapede, Greek "six-legged"). Two pairs of front legs are located in pairs along the chest, and one pair is behind, supporting the pelvis.

The hexaped structure can be explained by the greater speed of movement and air density on Pandora: animals have to resist the wind when walking or running, clinging to support with an additional pair of legs. Rare exceptions to the general structure scheme are associated either with exceptional adaptation to flight (banshees) or with an arboreal (prolemurs) lifestyle. It can also be assumed that the ancestors of the Na'vi lost their third pair of limbs in the second way. Four-fingered All animals, including flying and ungulate species, have four toes on their limbs.

Two pairs of eyes Most animals on Pandora have four eyes: the main pair is the main organ of vision, and the second, smaller one, detects infrared radiation.

Respiratory system Most animals on Pandora do not have nostrils in the usual earthly sense: they are replaced by special blowholes located in the chest area and providing the shortest access of oxygen to the lungs.

In at least some species, including the banshee, airflow into the lungs is controlled by a special cartilaginous valve, and the lung functions like a blacksmith's bellows: air enters from the front and is expelled from the lungs from the back, through gill-like openings on the back of the sternum.